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Atri (Greek: or ; Latin: Adria, Atria, Hadria, or Hatria) is a ''comune'' in the Province of Teramo in the Abruzzo region of Italy. In 2001, it had a population of over 11,500. Atri is the setting of the poem, ''The Bell of Atri'', by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. Its name is the origin of the name of the Emperor Hadrian. ==History== Ancient Adria was a city of Picenum, situated about from the Adriatic Sea, between the rivers Vomanus (modern Vomano) and Matrinus (modern Piomba). According to the Antonine Itinerary, it was distant 15 Roman miles from Castrum Novum and 14 from Teate (modern Chieti).〔 cites Itin. Ant. pp. 308, 310, 313; comp. Tab. Peut.〕 It has been supposed, with much probability, to be of Etruscan origin, and a colony from the more celebrated city of the name, now Adria in the Veneto region,〔 cites Mazocchi, Tab. Heracl. p. 532; Müiller, ''Etrusker'', vol. i. p. 145.〕 though there is no historical evidence of the fact. The city was founded by Greeks〔In An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis by Mogens Herman,ISBN 0-19-814099-1,2004,Page 323,"... the face of the advancing Gauls. According to Strabo 8.6.16, Aiginetans founded a colony ''en ombrikois'', probably archaeologically attested in Adria (no. 75).〕 from Aegina and reestablished〔In An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis by Mogens Herman,ISBN 0-19-814099-1,2004,page 325,In C4f Adria was, apparently, refounded by Dionysios I (Theopomp. fr. 128; Tzetzes ad Lycophr. 631; Etym. Magn. 1854-57). According to Just. Epit. ..."〕 by Dionysius〔In An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis by Mogens Herman,ISBN 0-19-814099-1,2004,Page 228,"Dionysios I founded Adranon (no. 6) (Diod. 14.37.5 (r399), probably Adria (no. 75), possibly Ankon (no. 76), certainly Issa (no. 81); cf. Stylianou (1998) ad 13.4-5 at p. 196, Lissos no. ..."〕 I the tyrant of Syracuse in the 4th century BC. The first certain historical notice of Adria is the establishment of a Roman colony there about 282 BCE.〔 cites Livy ''Epit.'' xi.; Madvig, ''de Coloniis'', p. 298.〕 In the early part of the Second Punic War (217 BCE) its territory was ravaged by Hannibal; but notwithstanding this calamity, it was one of the 18 Latin colonies which, in 209 BCE, were faithful to the cause of Rome, and willing to continue their contributions both of men and money.〔 cites Livy xxii. 9, xxvii. 10; Polybius iii. 88.〕 At a later period, according to the ''Liber de Coloniis'', it must have received a fresh colony, probably under Augustus: hence it is termed a ''Colonia'', both by Pliny and in inscriptions. One of these gives it the titles of Colonia Aelia Hadria, whence it would appear that it had been re-established by the emperor Hadrian, whose family was originally derived from hence, though he was himself a native of Spain.〔 cites Lib. Colon. p. 227; Plin. ''H. N.'' iii. 13. s. 18; Orell. ''Inscr.'' no. 148, 3018; Gruter, p. 1022; August Wilhelm Zumpt, ''De Coloniis'' p. 349; Spartian. Hadrian. 1.; Victor, ''Epit.'' 14.〕 The territory of Adria (ager Adrianus), though subsequently included in Picenum, appears to have originally formed a separate and independent district, bounded on the north by the river Vomanus (Vomano), and on the south by the Matrinus (la Piomba); at the mouth of this latter river was a town bearing the name of Matrinum, which served as the port of Adria; the city itself stood on a hill a few miles inland, on the same site still occupied by the modern Atri, a place of some consideration, with the title of a city, and the see of a bishop. Great part of the circuit of the ancient walls may be still traced, and mosaic pavements and other remains of buildings are also preserved.〔 cites Strabo v. p. 241; Silius Italicus viii. 439; Ptolemy iii. 1. § 52; Mela, ii. 4; Romanelli, vol. iii. p. 307.〕 According to the ''Antonine Itinerary''〔 cites Romanelli, vol. iii. pp. 308, 310.〕 Adria (which may have been the original terminus of the Via Caecilia), was the point of junction of the Via Salaria and Via Valeria, a circumstance which probably contributed to its importance and flourishing condition under the Roman Empire. After the fall of Rome, the region was subjected, along with most of northern and central Italy, to a long period of violent conflict. Ultimately, in the 6th century, the Lombards succeeded in establishing hegemony over the area, and Atri and other parts of Abruzzo found themselves annexed to the Duchy of Spoleto. The Lombards were displaced by the Normans, whose noble House of Acquaviva family ruled the town for decades from about 1393, before merging their lands into the Kingdom of Naples, but remaining dominant in the city as Dukes of Atri until the 19th century. The rule of the Acquaivivas marked the highpoint of Atri's greatest power and splendor. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Atri, Abruzzo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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